Arachidonic acid is an essential fatty acid and a precursor in the biosynthesis of thromboxanes, prostaglandins and leukotrienes. It is a transient, critical substrate for the biosynthesis of eicosanoid second messengers. It is an important cellular signaling mediator in a variety of biological processes, including smooth chemotaxis, muscle contraction, apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation. It exits in liver, brain, glandular organs, and depot fats of animals and a constituent of animal phosphatides. It could bind to the subunit of G protein and inhibit the activity of Ras GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). It stimulates adhesion of MDA-MB-435 human metastatic cancer cells to extracellular matrix molecules.
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